4 Hummingbirds in Alaska (Common & rare)
Alaska may not be the first place that comes to mind when thinking about hummingbirds, but this northern state is home to a surprising variety of these tiny, vibrant birds. In fact, four hummingbirds found in Alaska add a fascinating touch of color and vitality to its rugged landscapes.
From the enchanting Rufous Hummingbird to the elusive Anna’s Hummingbird, each species brings unique characteristics and migration patterns that intrigue bird enthusiasts and researchers alike.
In this article, we will explore the hummingbirds that thrive in Alaska’s diverse ecosystems, their habits, and the best times and places to spot them. Discover how these remarkable birds adapt to the challenging conditions of the Last Frontier!
Jump to a Section
- 1) Rufous Hummingbird
- 2) Anna’s Hummingbird
- 3) Costa’s Hummingbird
- 4) Calliope Hummingbird
- When do hummingbirds arrive in Alaska for the summer?
- How do hummingbirds survive in Alaska’s cold climate?
- How to attract hummingbirds in Alaska?
- Where are the best spots to see hummingbirds in Alaska?
- What time of day are hummingbirds most active in Alaska?
1) Rufous Hummingbird
The Rufous Hummingbird is the most widely distributed hummingbird species in North America. It migrates from winter habitats in Western Mexico, following the Pacific Flyway. These birds typically arrive in Alaska by May for breeding.
Males are known for their striking aerial displays during courtship, showcasing their vibrant plumage. They are more common in various habitats, including forests, meadows, and wetlands.
The Rufous Hummingbird begins its return migration southward by July, utilizing blooming alpine flowers for sustenance. As a result of habitat changes, they are now regarded as near-threatened.
Identification can be aided by a notch on the tip of the second tail feather. This species plays a crucial role in pollinating various plants during its breeding season in Alaska.
2) Anna’s Hummingbird
Anna’s Hummingbird (Calypte anna) is a notable species found in Alaska. It tends to be more established in coastal regions, particularly in southeastern Alaska.
This hummingbird is easily recognized by its iridescent green plumage and the distinctive rose-colored throat patch. Males typically display brilliant colors, while females have a more subdued appearance.
Anna’s Hummingbird is larger than the commonly spotted Rufous Hummingbird, reaching about 4 inches in length. They have longer bills and tails, which aid in feeding on nectar from various flowers.
This species is a recent addition to Alaska’s avifauna, with the first recorded sighting occurring in 1971. They are migrating northward and adapting to the colder climates, highlighting their resilience.
3) Costa’s Hummingbird
Costa’s Hummingbird, scientifically known as Calypte costae, is primarily found in the southwestern United States and Baja California. It is characterized by its vibrant plumage and a distinctive iridescent throat patch.
While Costa’s Hummingbirds are not common in Alaska, there have been a few sightings, particularly around the Kenai Peninsula. These sightings are often considered accidental.
Their habitat includes desert scrub and chaparral, where they thrive in warmer climates. As they expand their range, observers may notice them in new locations during migration periods.
Recognizable by their small size and bold coloration, they add beauty to their surroundings. Birdwatchers may appreciate the opportunity to spot this species if it appears in Alaskan landscapes.
4) Calliope Hummingbird
The Calliope Hummingbird (Stellula calliope) is recognized as the smallest bird in North America. This tiny species is typically found in the western regions of the United States and southwestern Canada.
In Alaska, the Calliope Hummingbird is considered an accidental visitor. It has been sighted primarily in Juneau, with the last recorded observation occurring in 2016.
Their vibrant plumage and distinctive calls make them a noteworthy subject for birdwatchers. Despite their rarity in Alaska, spotting one can be a remarkable experience for nature enthusiasts.
These hummingbirds are known to undertake impressive migrations, traveling over 5,000 miles between Mexico and Canada each year. Their unique presence, though uncommon, adds to the diversity of birdlife in Alaska.
When do hummingbirds arrive in Alaska for the summer?
Hummingbirds typically begin to arrive in Alaska during late May to early June. The timing can vary slightly each year based on weather conditions and migration patterns.
One of the most common species is the Rufous Hummingbird. They usually reach Alaska around the second week of April. Males often arrive first to establish territory, followed by females and fledglings.
Hummingbirds are attracted to feeders and flowers as they migrate north. Preparing feeders before their arrival is essential to support these birds.
To facilitate their feeding, it is recommended to use a sugar-water solution in feeders. A common ratio is:
- 1 part sugar
- 4 parts water
Cleaning feeders regularly ensures they remain inviting and safe for the birds.
Alaska offers a unique opportunity to witness these remarkable birds during the summer months. As they thrive in the state’s diverse habitats, their presence is a significant aspect of Alaskan wildlife.
How do hummingbirds survive in Alaska’s cold climate?
Hummingbirds exhibit remarkable adaptability, allowing them to endure the cold climate of Alaska. Some species, like the rufous hummingbird, are known to migrate thousands of miles for winter.
Survival Strategies:
- Migration:
Rufous hummingbirds migrate from Alaska to Mexico, often covering about 3,000 miles. This journey helps them escape the harsh winter. - Torpor:
During colder temperatures, these birds enter a state of torpor, significantly slowing their metabolism. This energy-saving adaptation allows them to survive freezing conditions. - Shelter:
Hummingbirds seek out protected areas, such as dense shrubs or under eaves, to shield themselves from extreme weather.
Cold Hardiness:
Some hummingbirds, particularly the Anna’s hummingbird, have been noted as winter residents. They can tolerate colder climates and have been spotted in Alaska, adapting to local conditions.
Food Sources:
Finding adequate food is crucial. Hummingbirds rely on nectar from flowers. In winter, they may turn to alternative sources, including insects, to maintain energy levels.
These strategies highlight the resilience of hummingbirds in adapting to Alaska’s challenging environments.
How to attract hummingbirds in Alaska?
Attracting hummingbirds in Alaska requires a combination of suitable plants and proper feeding techniques.
Flowers: Choose native flowers that are red or tubular in shape. These characteristics optimize nectar availability and deter other pollinators. Some ideal options include:
- Columbine
- Trumpet Vine
- Red Salvia
Hummingbird Feeders: Provide multiple feeders filled with homemade nectar. The basic recipe is:
- 1 part sugar
- 4 parts water
Boil and cool the mixture before filling feeders to ensure cleanliness and reduce disease risk.
Placement: Position feeders in sunny, sheltered areas. Hummingbirds prefer spots with protection from strong winds and direct sunlight.
Maintenance: Regularly clean feeders and change the nectar every few days, especially in warmer temperatures. This practice prevents mold and maintains a healthy feeding environment.
Water Source: Incorporating a birdbath can attract hummingbirds. Ensure the water is shallow and fresh, with stones or marbles for perches.
By implementing these strategies, individuals can create an inviting environment for visiting hummingbirds, enhancing the beauty of Alaskan gardens.
Where are the best spots to see hummingbirds in Alaska?
Hummingbirds in Alaska can be found in several key areas, particularly during the warmer months.
1. Southeastern Coastal Rainforests
Regions like Sitka and Ketchikan are rich in dense forests and flowering plants. These habitats provide ample resources that attract hummingbirds.
2. Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge
From May to September, this refuge becomes a hotspot for birdwatching. The varied ecosystems here support different bird species, including hummingbirds.
3. Urban Gardens and Backyards
Creating inviting environments in backyards can yield great results. Hanging quality hummingbird feeders filled with homemade nectar is a successful strategy.
4. Local Parks
Many parks across Alaska have maintained gardens that attract these birds. Visiting popular parks during early morning or late afternoon enhances the chances of sightings.
5. Birdwatching Tours
Participating in guided birdwatching tours can be beneficial. Experienced guides know the best locations and times to spot hummingbirds.
By focusing on these areas, bird enthusiasts can increase their chances of observing the unique hummingbirds that migrate to Alaska seasonally.
What time of day are hummingbirds most active in Alaska?
Hummingbirds in Alaska are most active during the early morning and late afternoon. These times coincide with their feeding habits when they seek out nectar sources.
During the warmer parts of the day, particularly mid-day, hummingbirds continue to be active. They may feed on flowers, taking advantage of both the sun and the availability of insects.
Key Times of Activity:
- Early Morning: Ideal for spotting hummingbirds as they begin their day.
- Late Afternoon: Another peak time for feeding.
- Mid-Day: Hummingbirds remain active, maintaining their energy levels.
Temperature plays a significant role in their activity level. Hummingbirds thrive in temperatures between 60°F to 90°F. When temperatures drop or during unfavorable weather, their activity will decrease.
In regions like Alaska, where seasonal changes occur, the arrival of hummingbirds typically aligns with the warmer months, significantly affecting their feeding patterns. Understanding these peak activity times can enhance the experience of birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts in the area.
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